The evolution of the ballpoint pen, from its invention to the present day, has revolutionised the world of writing, making life easier for millions. Today, thanks to endless customisation options, the biro is no longer just a practical tool but also a powerful branding and promotional asset. Its simplicity, combined with the ingenuity behind its invention, makes it one of the most widely used and beloved writing instruments of all time.

The history of the biro: who invented it and when?

The biro, also known as a ballpoint pen, was invented by Hungarian journalist and inventor László Bíró in 1938.

Bíró, a journalist and inventor, noticed that newspaper ink dried quickly and did not smudge, unlike fountain pen ink. At the time, fountain pens were widely used, but they required frequent refilling and had long drying times, causing unnecessary delays in writing.

Legend has it that after observing children playing with marbles in a puddle and noticing how the marbles left a trail of water as they rolled, László came up with the idea of a pen with a ballpoint tip. With the help of his brother, chemist György Bíró (also known as George Biro), he developed the ink that would be used in the pen.

However, despite the immense impact of their invention, it did not bring great wealth to its creators. Due to the high manufacturing costs they could not afford, they sold the patent for a small sum to the Italian-born French businessman Marcel Bich. Bich made minor modifications, reduced production costs by approximately 90%, and introduced it to the market as the Bic Cristal.
After a halt in production during World War II, Bic gained success from 1950 onwards. The company’s fortune grew continuously, largely thanks to the launch of the Bic Cristal. Due to efficient manufacturing and a low-cost structure, the biro quickly became a universally accessible writing tool.

What was used before the biro?

Before the invention of the ballpoint pen, writing was done with less practical instruments that were prone to smudging:

  • Quill pens: Used for centuries, they had to be dipped in ink frequently.
  • Fountain pens: A more modern alternative to quills, but prone to ink leaks and required refilling.
  • Pencils: Mainly used for notes and sketches, but unsuitable for official documents.

Using these instruments required extra care to avoid ink stains and smudges. The invention of the biro, with its quick-drying ink and practical design, greatly simplified the writing process.

Early versions of the ballpoint pen were not perfect: the ink often dried up, and the ball mechanism could get stuck. Over time, manufacturers refined ink formulas, making them smoother and longer-lasting.

How is a biro made?

The structure of a biro is relatively simple yet highly ingenious. The key components are:

  • Ballpoint tip: Usually made of steel or tungsten, it rotates to release ink.
  • Ink reservoir: A slim tube containing viscous ink that flows only when the ball rolls.
  • Pen body: Made from plastic or metal, available in various designs.
  • Cap or retractable mechanism: Protects the tip when not in use.

Technological advancements have led to the development of advanced models, including refillable ballpoint pens and special ink types such as gel or erasable inks. Some modern versions also feature ergonomic grips, ideal for prolonged writing sessions.

Why is the biro also called a ballpoint pen?

The name "ballpoint pen" comes from the small rotating ball positioned at the pen’s tip. As this ball rolls against the paper, it picks up ink from the reservoir and transfers it onto the writing surface. Thanks to this mechanism, ink is released only when needed, preventing smudging and wastage.

Uses of biros

Biros have become one of the most widely used writing tools worldwide, utilised in various contexts:

  • Schools and universities: Essential for students and teachers.
  • Offices and businesses: A staple for note-taking and document writing.
  • Promotional sector: Frequently used as customised corporate gifts.
  • Everyday use: Found in every home, desk, and bag!

Custom biros: a timeless corporate promotional tool

Custom biros are a classic corporate promotional item, perfect for promoting any business or professional activity. Whether you run an organic product company, a specialist medical practice, a small grocery shop, or a construction business, customised biros featuring your logo and company name provide a cost-effective and long-lasting branding solution.

Thanks to their versatility and affordability, customised biros remain one of the most sought-after promotional products. Businesses and brands can:

  • Print logos and slogans onto the pen body.
  • Choose custom colours and designs that match their brand identity.
  • Opt for eco-friendly materials, such as recycled plastic or bamboo.
    In recent years, companies have increasingly invested in eco-friendly biros, made from biodegradable or recycled materials. These solutions offer an excellent alternative for brands looking to adopt sustainable marketing practices.

Using personalised biros with a company logo or name is one of the most effective promotional strategies. Providing clients with useful, branded items enhances brand visibility and strengthens business recognition.

Custom biros serve as a long-term promotional asset, suitable for multiple occasions: business launches, store openings, client meetings, year-end gifts, product promotions, and trade fairs.

 

Shop for Shop brings years of expertise in the production and supply of high-quality branded promotional items, including pens.
Our extensive range of customisable biros includes ballpoint pens made from brass, plastic, stainless steel, recycled cardboard, and other sustainable materials. Browse our online catalogue, choose your personalised biro, and contact our customer support team for immediate assistance.